The Occupational English Test (OET) is a language proficiency exam specifically designed for healthcare professionals seeking to work or study in English-speaking countries. The test assesses Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking skills through healthcare-related tasks that mirror real-life clinical scenarios. This guide thoroughly explains the OET test format, scoring, preparation strategies, and recent updates to help candidates succeed.

The OET Test Format is a critical aspect for candidates preparing for the Occupational English Test (OET), a globally recognized English language proficiency exam designed specifically for healthcare professionals. 

The OET assesses the language skills of candidates who aim to work or study in English-speaking healthcare environments, such as the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Singapore. 

This article provides an in-depth exploration of the OET Test Format, covering its structure, components, scoring, preparation strategies, and more, ensuring a thorough understanding for prospective test-takers. 

Introduction to the OET

The Occupational English Test (OET) is tailored to evaluate the English language proficiency of healthcare professionals across 12 disciplines, including medicine, nursing, dentistry, pharmacy, physiotherapy, and veterinary science, among others. 

Unlike general English tests like IELTS or TOEFL, the OET focuses on real-world healthcare scenarios, making it highly relevant for professionals seeking registration with regulatory bodies like the General Medical Council (GMC) in the UK or the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA).

The OET Test Format is structured to assess four key language skills: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Each sub-test is designed to reflect tasks that healthcare professionals encounter in their daily work, ensuring that candidates are well-equipped to communicate effectively in clinical settings. 

The test is available in both paper-based and computer-based formats, with the latter including an option for testing at home under specific conditions.

Overview of the OET Test Format

The OET Test Format comprises four sub-tests, each targeting a specific language skill. The total duration of the test is approximately 3 hours and 20 minutes, excluding breaks and administrative time. Below is a breakdown of the sub-tests, followed by a table summarizing their key features:

1. Listening Sub-Test (~45 minutes)

2. Reading Sub-Test (60 minutes)

3. Writing Sub-Test (45 minutes)

4. Speaking Sub-Test (~20 minutes)

Each sub-test is profession-specific to some extent, particularly in the Writing and Speaking sections, where tasks are tailored to the candidate’s healthcare discipline. The Listening and Reading sub-tests, however, are common across all professions, as they focus on general healthcare topics applicable to all fields.

OET Test Format Summary Table

This table provides a concise overview of the OET Test Format, highlighting the structure and expectations for each sub-test. The following sections delve into each sub-test in detail.

1. Listening Sub-Test

The Listening sub-test is designed to evaluate a candidate’s ability to understand spoken English in healthcare contexts. It lasts approximately 45 minutes and consists of three parts, with a total of 42 questions. The audio recordings feature a variety of accents, including British, Australian, and American, reflecting the diversity of English-speaking healthcare environments.

Structure of the Listening Sub-Test

• Part A: Consultation Extracts (12 questions, ~15 minutes)

• This section includes two short audio recordings of consultations between a healthcare professional and a patient. Each recording lasts about 5 minutes.

• Candidates must complete note-taking tasks, filling in blanks or answering short questions based on the information provided in the audio.

• The focus is on extracting specific details, such as symptoms, medical history, or treatment plans.

• Part B: Short Workplace Extracts (6 questions, ~15 minutes)

• This part features six short audio clips, each lasting about 1 minute. These clips simulate workplace scenarios, such as team briefings, handovers, or professional discussions.

• Candidates answer one multiple-choice question per clip, testing their ability to grasp the main ideas or specific details.

• Part C: Presentation or Interview Extracts (12 questions, ~15 minutes)

• This section includes two longer audio recordings, each about 5 minutes, such as a professional presentation, lecture, or interview on a healthcare topic.

• Candidates answer six multiple-choice questions per recording, assessing their ability to understand complex information, opinions, and implications.

Key Features

• The audio is played only once, requiring strong concentration and note-taking skills.

• Questions test a range of abilities, including understanding factual information, interpreting opinions, and following logical arguments.

• The content is general enough to be accessible to all healthcare professions.

Preparation Tips for the Listening Sub-Test

• Practice listening to healthcare-related podcasts or lectures to familiarize yourself with medical terminology and diverse accents.

• Develop note-taking skills to capture key points quickly during audio playback.

• Use OET practice materials to simulate test conditions and improve time management.

2. Reading Sub-Test

The Reading sub-test assesses a candidate’s ability to comprehend written texts commonly found in healthcare settings. It lasts 60 minutes and is divided into three parts, with a total of 42 questions. Like the Listening sub-test, the Reading sub-test is not profession-specific, focusing on general healthcare topics.

Structure of the Reading Sub-Test

• Part A: Expeditious Reading Task (15 minutes, 20 questions)

• This section includes four short texts (e.g., charts, tables, drug labels, or hospital guidelines) related to a single healthcare topic.

• Candidates answer 20 questions, including matching, sentence completion, and short-answer tasks.

• The focus is on quickly locating and synthesizing specific information under time pressure.

• Part B: Careful Reading Tasks (45 minutes, 6 questions)

• This part features six short texts (100–150 words each), such as policy documents, emails, or clinical guidelines.

• Candidates answer one multiple-choice question per text, testing their ability to understand the main idea, purpose, or specific details.

• Part C: Careful Reading Tasks (45 minutes, 16 questions)

• This section includes two longer texts (800–1000 words each), such as journal articles or research papers, on healthcare topics.

• Candidates answer eight multiple-choice questions per text, assessing their ability to interpret complex information, infer meaning, and understand the writer’s perspective.

Key Features

• Part A requires rapid scanning and skimming skills, while Parts B and C demand careful reading and analysis.

• Texts are sourced from real-world healthcare materials, ensuring relevance to professional practice.

• No prior medical knowledge is required, though familiarity with medical terminology is beneficial.

Preparation Tips for the Reading Sub-Test

• Practice skimming and scanning techniques to quickly identify key information in texts.

• Read healthcare-related articles, journals, or guidelines to build vocabulary and comprehension skills.

• Time yourself during practice to improve speed, especially for Part A.

3. Writing Sub-Test

The Writing sub-test evaluates a candidate’s ability to produce a clear, professional written document in a healthcare context. It lasts 45 minutes, with the first 5 minutes allocated for reading the task and case notes, and 40 minutes for writing. This sub-test is profession-specific, meaning tasks are tailored to the candidate’s field (e.g., a letter of referral for doctors or a care plan for nurses).

Structure of the Writing Sub-Test

• Candidates are provided with case notes and a task prompt, such as writing a referral letter, discharge letter, or advice letter.

• The response must be 180–200 words and follow a specific format, including appropriate tone, structure, and content.

• The task typically involves selecting relevant information from the case notes and organizing it into a coherent document.

Key Features

• The writing must be clear, concise, and professionally appropriate for the intended reader (e.g., another healthcare professional or a patient).

• Candidates are assessed on six criteria: purpose, content, conciseness and clarity, genre and style, organization and layout, and language accuracy.

• Common tasks include referral letters (for doctors), transfer letters (for nurses), or advisory letters (for pharmacists).

Preparation Tips for the Writing Sub-Test

• Practice writing profession-specific letters using OET sample tasks to understand the expected format and tone.

• Focus on organizing information logically, using headings or paragraphs as needed.

• Review grammar and vocabulary to ensure accuracy and professionalism in your writing.

4. Speaking Sub-Test

The Speaking sub-test assesses a candidate’s ability to communicate effectively in spoken English in healthcare scenarios. It lasts approximately 20 minutes and involves two role-play tasks tailored to the candidate’s profession. The test is conducted one-on-one with an interlocutor, either in person or via video call for computer-based tests.

Structure of the Speaking Sub-Test

• Warm-Up Conversation (2–3 minutes, not assessed)

• The interlocutor engages the candidate in a brief conversation about their professional background to ease them into the test.

• Role-Play Tasks (two tasks, ~5 minutes each)

• Each role-play simulates a typicalscaler healthcare interaction, such as a consultation with a patient or a discussion with a caregiver.

• Candidates receive a role-play card with background information and tasks to complete (e.g., explaining a diagnosis, providing advice, or addressing concerns).

• The interlocutor plays the role of the patient, relative, or caregiver.

Key Features

• The role-plays are designed to reflect real-world scenarios, requiring candidates to demonstrate empathy, clarity, and professionalism.

• Candidates are assessed on nine criteria, including intelligibility, fluency, appropriateness of language, and relationship-building skills.

• The tasks test both linguistic and clinical communication skills, such as explaining medical terms in layman’s language.

Preparation Tips for the Speaking Sub-Test

• Practice role-plays with a partner or tutor to simulate test conditions and improve confidence.

• Focus on clear pronunciation, appropriate tone, and patient-centered communication.

• Use OET sample role-play cards to familiarize yourself with common scenarios and tasks.

Scoring and Results

The OET Test Format uses a scoring system that assigns grades from A (highest) to E (lowest) for each sub-test. These grades correspond to numerical scores ranging from 0 to 500 in 10-point increments. Most regulatory bodies require a minimum of Grade B (350–440 points) in each sub-test for professional registration.

Scoring Criteria

• Listening and Reading: Answers are objectively scored (e.g., correct/incorrect for multiple-choice or matching tasks).

• Writing: Assessed by trained examiners based on six criteria, with scores reflecting content accuracy, clarity, and professionalism.

• Speaking: Evaluated based on nine criteria, including linguistic skills (e.g., fluency, pronunciation) and clinical communication skills (e.g., rapport-building).

Results Timeline

• Results are typically available within 10 business days for computer-based tests and 17 business days for paper-based tests.

• Candidates receive a Statement of Results with grades and numerical scores for each sub-test.

• Results can be verified online and shared with regulatory bodies or employers.

Test Administration and Formats

The OET is offered in multiple formats to accommodate candidates’ preferences and circumstances:

• Paper-Based OET: Conducted at test centers worldwide, with fixed test dates (typically monthly).

• Computer-Based OET at Test Centers: Similar to the paper-based format but delivered on a computer, with additional test dates.

• OET@Home: A computer-based test taken remotely, subject to technical and security requirements (e.g., a quiet room, stable internet, and proctoring software).

The OET Test Format remains consistent across all delivery methods, ensuring fairness and standardization. Candidates should choose a format based on their location, availability, and comfort with technology.

Preparation Strategies for the OET Test Format

Preparing for the OET Test Format requires a strategic approach, given its focus on healthcare-specific language skills. Below are comprehensive tips to excel in each sub-test:

1. Understand the Test Structure: Familiarize yourself with the format, timing, and question types for each sub-test using official OET resources, including the table provided above.

2. Use Official Practice Materials: Access sample tests, practice papers, and online courses from the OET website to simulate real test conditions.

3. Improve Healthcare Vocabulary: Read medical journals, watch healthcare-related videos, and practice using profession-specific terminology.

4. Enhance Time Management: Practice under timed conditions to build speed and accuracy, especially for the Reading and Writing sub-tests.

5. Seek Professional Guidance: Enroll in OET preparation courses or work with a tutor to receive personalized feedback on Writing and Speaking tasks.

6. Practice Active Listening: Regularly listen to English audio in healthcare contexts to improve comprehension and note-taking skills.

7. Simulate Speaking Scenarios: Practice role-plays with peers or tutors to develop confidence and fluency in patient interactions.

Challenges and How to Overcome Them

Candidates often face challenges when preparing for the OET Test Format, such as:

• Time Pressure: The Reading and Writing sub-tests have strict time limits. Practice timed tasks to improve speed without sacrificing accuracy.

• Accents in Listening: Exposure to diverse English accents through podcasts or videos can help candidates adapt to variations.

• Profession-Specific Tasks: Writing and Speaking tasks require familiarity with discipline-specific scenarios. Review sample tasks for your profession to understand expectations.

• Nervousness in Speaking: Practice role-plays in a supportive environment to build confidence and reduce anxiety during the test.

Importance of the OET for Healthcare Professionals

The OET Test Format is designed to ensure that healthcare professionals can communicate effectively in English, which is critical for patient safety, teamwork, and professional success. Regulatory bodies in countries like the UK, Australia, and Canada recognize the OET as evidence of language proficiency, making it a gateway to career opportunities in these regions.

The test’s focus on real-world healthcare scenarios sets it apart from other English proficiency tests, as it directly assesses skills relevant to clinical practice. For example, a nurse who passes the OET can confidently write a transfer letter or explain a care plan to a patient, while a doctor can effectively communicate during consultations or multidisciplinary meetings.

Recent Updates to the OET Test Format

As of May 16, 2025, the OET Test Format has remained consistent in its core structure, but there have been minor updates to enhance accessibility and candidate experience:

• Increased Test Dates: More frequent test dates for both paper-based and computer-based formats.

• Improved Online Resources: The OET website now offers expanded practice materials, including free sample tests and interactive webinars.

• OET@Home Expansion: The at-home testing option has been made available in more regions, with enhanced proctoring technology to ensure security.

Candidates should regularly check the official OET website (www.occupationalenglishtest.org) for the latest updates on test formats, dates, and preparation resources.

The OET Test Format, as summarized in the table and detailed throughout this guide, is a meticulously designed assessment that evaluates the English language proficiency of healthcare professionals in a way that is directly relevant to their work. 

By testing Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking skills through healthcare-specific tasks, the OET ensures that candidates are prepared to communicate effectively in clinical settings. Understanding the structure, scoring, and preparation strategies for each sub-test is essential for success.

With its focus on real-world scenarios, the OET stands out as a practical and profession-oriented test, making it a preferred choice for healthcare professionals worldwide. 

Whether you are a doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or physiotherapist, mastering the OET Test Format can open doors to exciting career opportunities in English-speaking countries. 

By dedicating time to preparation, leveraging official resources, and practicing diligently, candidates can approach the OET with confidence and achieve their desired results.

Summary Points

• OET assesses English skills of healthcare professionals using real-world medical contexts.

• The test includes four sub-tests: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking.

• Writing and Speaking tasks are tailored to specific healthcare professions.

• The test is available in paper-based, computer-based, and at-home formats.

• A minimum of Grade B (350–440) in each section is usually required for registration.

10 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. What is the OET?
The OET (Occupational English Test) assesses English proficiency for healthcare professionals in real medical settings.

Q2. Who can take the OET?
It is designed for professionals in 12 healthcare fields, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and physiotherapists.

Q3. How many sections are there in the OET?
There are four sub-tests: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking.

Q4. Is the OET profession-specific?
Yes, the Writing and Speaking tasks are tailored to your healthcare profession.

Q5. What is the scoring system?
Scores range from 0–500, and grades from A to E are given; most require a minimum score of 350 (Grade B).

Q6. How long is the OET test?
The full test lasts approximately 3 hours and 20 minutes.

Q7. Can I take the OET from home?
Yes, you can take OET@Home, provided you meet the technical and environmental requirements.

Q8. How often is the OET held?
Test dates are available monthly for paper-based and more frequently for computer-based versions.

Q9. Where can I find preparation materials?
Official practice materials are available on the OET website: www.occupationalenglishtest.org

Q10. How soon are the results released?
Computer-based results are released within 10 business days; paper-based results take about 17 business days.